Core Abstract: Mu 2007, Ubushinwa nabwo bwa kabiri mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ndetse n’umujyi wa gatatu mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu bucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga? S birashinja? Gushimangira ubufatanye n’Ubushinwa byabaye ingenzi cyane kuruta ikindi gihe cyose hagaragaye amasoko y’ibihugu by’i Burayi n’Amerika, nk’ikibazo cy’inguzanyo zishingiye ku nguzanyo zidasanzwe ndetse n’ubushobozi buke bwo gukura bw’inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda za Amerika.
Mu 2007, Ubushinwa bwabaye isoko rya kabiri mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga plastike ndetse n’isoko rya gatatu mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze muri Amerika mu bucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.Gushimangira ubufatanye n’Ubushinwa byabaye ingenzi cyane kuruta mbere hose, bitewe n’inguzanyo zishingiye ku nguzanyo zidasanzwe muri Amerika ndetse n’ubushobozi buke bwo gukura mu nganda za plastike zo muri Amerika. ubufatanye.Palat yavuze ko Amerika n’igihugu kinini ku isi gikora ibinini bya sintetike, bingana na 40 ku ijana by’umusaruro rusange wa polyolefine ku isi, wavuze ko. Iterambere ryihuse ry’isi yose ndetse no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bidahenze byagabanije imirimo mu nganda za pulasitike zo muri Amerika ku gipimo cya 11% buri mwaka nyuma ya 2002.Ariko ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere cyane ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga ku gipimo cya 8%. miliyari muri 2006 kugeza kuri miliyari 10.9 z'amadolari muri 2007. Inganda za plastike zo muri Amerika zirarushanwa kurusha mbere.
Imishinga ihuriweho nubufatanye bizatera imbere hamwe
Parat yizera ko inganda za pulasitike mu Bushinwa zirimo guhinduka ku isi, ntabwo inganda ziyongera gusa, ahubwo n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa nabwo bugenda butera imbere byihuse. Ubushinwa bwabaye ubwa kabiri ku isi kandi buhoro buhoro buva mu bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga; Ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike biza ku mwanya wa kabiri ku isi, kandi ibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro bigenda bisimburwa buhoro buhoro n’ibirango by’Ubushinwa bifite uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite w’ubwenge.Parat yavuze ko Amerika ari cyo gihugu kinini ku isi gikoresha plastiki mu gihugu ?? Umurima, Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki na pulasitike byatumijwe mu Bushinwa byiyongereye ku buryo bwihuse. Dukurikije imibare ya gasutamo y’Amerika, mu 2007, miliyoni 33 z’amadolari y’Amerika, miliyoni 439 z’amadolari y’Amerika. ku buryo bukurikira, bingana na 22% by’inganda zose zitumizwa mu mahanga muri Amerika.Muri uwo mwaka, ibyoherezwa muri Amerika byoherezwa mu mahanga, ibikoresho bya pulasitike, imashini za pulasitike n’ibishushanyo bya pulasitike byari miliyari 2.886 z'amadolari, miliyoni 658, miliyoni 113 na miliyoni 9.5, bikaba byaragize Ubushinwa ku mwanya wa gatatu mu isoko ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Amerika.
Parat yizera ko ishyirwaho ry’umushinga uhuriweho n’Ubushinwa n’Amerika ryabaye ingamba z’ingenzi ku masosiyete ya pulasitike y'Abanyamerika atera imbere mu Bushinwa. Binyuze mu mishinga ihuriweho, byabaye ubwumvikane bw’amasosiyete y'Abanyamerika kugira ngo uhuze ibyifuzo by’isi yose mu Bushinwa kandi bigaragaze ingamba z’iterambere ry’isi yose. Gushora imari mu mishinga minini no gushinga imishinga ihuriweho bizakomeza kuba uburyo bukomeye bw’ubufatanye bwa pulasitike bw’Ubushinwa na Amerika. Sinopec, niwo mushinga wambere wambere ku rwego rwisi Sino-mahanga umushinga uhuriweho hamwe uhuza epfo na ruguru mubikorwa bya peteroli. Ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kuzamura urwego rw’inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli, bityo rukaba rwarakwegereye abantu benshi.Muri bo, uruganda rwa Ethylene rufite ubushobozi bwa buri mwaka rufite toni 800.000 hamwe n’ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sintetike yo mu bwoko bwa resinike biteganijwe ko bizashyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2009. Muri Kanama umwaka ushize, itsinda rya DuPont China Group na Sinopec ryashyizeho umushinga wa Beijing Huamei Polymer Co. copolymer) tekinoroji yo kubyaza umusaruro EVA no kuvanga ibicuruzwa.Ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro ni toni 60.000 / umwaka kandi biteganijwe ko buzakora mu mpera zuyu mwaka.
Guhana tekinike kugirango ushakishe inyungu-zunguka
Umubare munini w’amasosiyete ya pulasitike yo muri Amerika yiyongera mu bucuruzi binyuze mu gutanga uruhushya rw’ikoranabuhanga. Kubona impushya z’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhanga udushya na byo byabaye uburyo bw’ingenzi ku masosiyete menshi yo mu Bushinwa kwihutisha iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga.Parat yashimangiye ko guhanahana ikoranabuhanga bizagira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza h’inganda za pulasitike mu gihe kizaza. Byumvikane ko Sinopec Maoming Petrochemical Company yashyizeho uburyo bwo gukora ibintu byinshi byakozwe na Petrochetike ya Petrochem. ikoranabuhanga rifite umusaruro wa toni 350.000 buri mwaka.Ibicuruzwa byakozwe ni ukurwanya gusaza, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, aside na alkali birwanya, kristu yo hejuru hamwe no kuyikoresha, gutunganya neza no kubumba, ibyo bikaba ari thermoplastique ifite agaciro kongerewe cyane.Ibicuruzwa birakenewe cyane, ariko mu bihe byashize, nta gikoresho cyihariye cyakozwe mu Bushinwa cyashyize ingufu mu bicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga. imiterere y'ibicuruzwa bya Ethylene yo mu Bushinwa, kuzamura urwego nyuma yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa rusange bya pulasitiki, no guteza imbere ubukungu bw’akarere. Muri Mutarama 2007, uruganda rukora peteroli rwa Sinopec Shanghai Gaoqiao rwashyizwe ku musaruro wa toni 200.000 buri mwaka. amazi, azote hamwe n’imyanda mike. Ibicuruzwa byakozwe niyi nzira bifite isuku mu ibara, bikomeye mu bushobozi bwo kwishushanya, kandi bifite agaciro kongerewe ku bicuruzwa, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho.Itangizwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ryagize uruhare runini mu kugabanya ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibicuruzwa bitangwa n’imbere mu Bushinwa no kuzamura isoko ry’imishinga ya ABS mu Bushinwa. ku mishinga y'Abashinwa kugira uruhare rugaragara mu marushanwa yo gushushanya ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike azabera mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’Abanyamerika ryo mu 2009, kugira ngo yerekane kandi ahanahana ibyagezweho mu bikorwa bishya bigezweho mu rwego rwa plastiki.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-08-2021